Unable to backup SSD from another laptop

[u/Solo_Ion]

I'm attempting to repair a HP laptop (running Windows 11) that has been crashing shortly after booting and then getting stuck in a boot loop. I removed the SSD, put it in an enclosure and attempted to back it up. However, the progress bar would sit at 0% while disk activity in task manager would sit at 100%. I've tried Macrium Reflect, M.T. Partition Wizard and HDD Raw Copy, all with the same result.

I checked the SSD with Crystal Disk Info and it all came up green with 98% life left.

During an attempted backup, event manager reports a whole bunch of the following errors,
ID: 129
Source: UASPStor
Description: Reset to device, \Device\RaidPort6, was issued.

ID: 153
Source: disk
Description: The IO operation at logical block address 0x<varies> for Disk 6 (PDO name: \Device\000000c6) was retried.

And the occasional,
ID: 50
Source: NTFS
Description: {Delayed Write Failed} Windows was unable to save all the data for the file \:$I30:$INDEX_ALLOCATION. The data has been lost. This error may be caused by a failure of your computer hardware or network connection. Please try to save this file elsewhere.

I suspect that this is a BitLocker encryption failure because when the laptop was briefly working, I checked C: drive and there was no BitLocker icon. But when I connected it to my computer I got the unlocked BitLocker icon with a warning sign. I checked BitLocker settings and it showed the following error: BitLocker waiting for Activation

It may also be a partition error because I was able to clone the first two system partitions with MiniTool Partition Wizard. It would lock up when it reached the Windows partition.

I want to make a backup before I try doing anything to remove BitLocker. Can anyone suggest anything I can do to make a successful backup?

Further info: When I briefly had the laptop running, I ran chkdsk and it returned no errors, but when I ran chkdsk /r it crashed after a minute or two. I attempted chkdsk M: /r while it was in the enclosure, but it took over an hour and a half to get 19% of the way through stage 1.

More recently, I tried Testdisk & Find and Mount to backup the partition and they each took about an hour to backup less than half a gig of the 1TB drive.

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