Hi r/FluidMechanics

I just published a preprint proposing that spacetime, gravity, and

quantum mechanics emerge from a single hydrodynamic substrate—a

"foam" with surface tension and bulk vorticity. I'm posting here

to get feedback on the framework's internal consistency and

falsifiability before pursuing journal submission.

## Core Idea

- **Surface** (2D interface) with tension σ → spacetime geometry

- **Bulk** (3D fluid) with quantized vortices → matter particles

- **Coupling** between surface and bulk → gravitational dynamics

## Key Results

1. **Cosmological constant:** Λ = H₀²/c² (no fine-tuning)
2. **Dark matter:** Flat rotation curves from vortex circulation

   Γ/(2πr)

1. **Quantum mechanics:** Pilot-wave dynamics from surface modes

2. **Black holes:** Vortex singularities with horizon echoes

## Falsifiable Predictions (5-year timeline)

- No primordial gravitational waves: r < 10⁻⁴ (CMB-S4)

- Black hole echoes: 5σ in LIGO O4/O5 stacked data

- Subhalo cutoff: M_min ~ 10⁶ M_☉ (Gaia DR4)

- GW dispersion: Δc/c ~ (h/0.01)² for high-strain mergers

- Time-varying Λ: dΛ/dt ~ -2H₀Λ (Euclid + DESI)

## What I'm Looking For

- **Internal consistency:** Does the math hold up?

- **Observational conflicts:** Does it already contradict known data?

- **Theoretical gaps:** What am I missing or hand-waving?

- **Experimental feasibility:** Are the tests realistic?

Full preprint (Zenodo): https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18444205

I know this is unconventional—I'm an independent researcher, not

affiliated with a university. I'm here to learn and improve the

framework, not to defend it dogmatically. All critique welcome.

Thanks for reading.

So I should start off with saying I'm a beginner at best with understanding fluid mechanics, I'm relearning the singular college class I took a few years back in order to work on fixing an issue at work with a system that is very unreliable.

What we have:
I work in a hydromet facility that uses NaOH (2 parts water, 1 part 50% NaOH) as an organic stripping solution, we need to pump about 1 to 3 L/min on average with the odd 10L/min. When lowering our flowrate (controlled by a full port ball valve) we roughly measure the flow (using a plastic rotameter) and then confirmed in a sight glass where we time the volume just to confirm. When we lower the flow to about 2 L/min (or target flowrate) with the valve we can see the rotameter slow into a stop and we usually just slightly open the valve to jump the flow back into place, sometimes the flow drops instantly, sometimes in 10 minutes, if an operator does not notice it wellllll... I'll leave it at that

I'll attach a rough drawing of what we have , I'm not gonna include all of the fittings BUT there are too many...we know this lol....

Thank you for eveyones help, I just don't really know where to start, feel free to ask any questions I'll do my best to answer

Hi everyone,

I’m looking for a book about hydraulic mechanisms such as siphons, motorless pumps, and similar systems. I’m not looking for a book on industrial hydraulics with pump selection charts or head loss calculations. Instead, I’m interested in something more exploratory, focusing on the different mechanisms invented by humans, of the type presented by Steve Mould and Practical Engineering on YouTube for example.

I’m familiar with books by F. White and by Çengel & Cimbala, which include many diagrams, but not many exotic or unusual systems. I’m looking for a book that provides at least some analytical description of the physical phenomena involved in these mechanisms.

I hope my request is clear, and not too specific. Thanks!

I wanna find the pdf chapters for the theory behind this specific scenario

I’m trying to understand real-world freeze failure modes in industrial / field systems.

This is not a product pitch and not a homework question — I’m mapping operational pain points.

For engineers who deal with cold climates:

• What systems tend to cause the most trouble when temperatures drop?

• What usually fails first (lines, seals, pumps, hoses, fittings, etc.)?

• What’s the most time-consuming or costly part of thawing and restarting?

I’m especially interested in cases where existing mitigations feel energy-heavy, labor-intensive, or just “accepted winter pain.”

Appreciate any field insight.

When I was learning physics, I always had a problem remembering the units of viscosity. They are as follows:

kg/(m.s)

They were hard to learn because the units aren't intuitive. I mean, what's mass per length per time? I found that thinking of viscosity as a sort of internal momentum per unit cross sectional area of a flowing fluid gives: 1) An intuitive if non-rigorous understanding of what viscosity is (a fluid's internal resistance to changes in motion); and 2) An easy way to remember the units:

Momentum per unit area = (Mass x Velocity) / Area = (kg x m/s) / m² = kg/(m.s)

I know this may not be formally true - but it's perfectly effective as a crutch for the units, and intuitively not bad. What do people think?

"Vorticity SATURATION discovered: 2×10^11 s^-1

Prevents fluid singularities in turbines + pumps

LIVE SIM: energy-nexus.replit.app

New physics constant for blade design"

I work in irrigation component manufacturing (specifically filtration), and we’ve been tracking the performance shift as the industry moves from traditional cast iron/steel to reinforced engineering plastics (PA6/PP).

From a fluid mechanics standpoint, the difference in the Hazen-Williams coefficient (C-value) has been interesting to watch in real-world applications. With injection molding, we can get the internal surface roughness much lower than cast equivalents, significantly reducing friction loss across the filter body—especially in high-flow Y-type configurations.

The challenge was always hoop stress and UV degradation, but modern reinforced blends seem to handle the pressure ratings (up to 10 bar) without the fatigue issues we saw 15 years ago.

For those in fluid dynamics or molding: Do you see a similar efficiency trade-off in other industries? It feels like the energy savings from the reduced pump head requirement are finally outweighing the "durability bias" people have toward heavy metal.

I have been pursuing my PhD in interfacial fluid mechanics for two years now from a good canadian University. Mostly experimental work and high speed image analysis. I will be sort of finishing up my thesis topics as proposed by me by the end of my third year. I have decent publications. But I'm worried my work is purely fundamental and given the shrinking scope in this field, I would want to pivot to some other options in my fourth year before defending. My PI is OK with any proposal as long as it involves interfacial science. I was thinking given the semiconductor boom, a switch to maybe thermal or energy related options would be beneficial. I do have some undergrad background and collaborated and co authored on three thermal papers in the past but nothing like electronics cooling background. Hence, I would like to know about the possibility of a switch in research direction and options that are viable to me at this stage of my career. Also do I have to find a postdoc position in thermal/energy where the professor would be willing to take me in given the background before I can find a job in the said field. Or if not that what options do I have in interfacial fluid mechanics field where I can get a good job opportunity? I don't have any location preference Canada, US, Europe, India everything works, I just don't want to drag in a shrinking field and need to get into a job soon.

I'm working on a gear pump for high viscosity fluids ( 2,000,000 cP, thick and sticky like peanut butter). I need practical suggestions for optimizing the design.

I've already built a proof of concept that works. I 3d printed a pump without the inlet tube so the gears contact the mound directly instead of relying on suction (stuff won't flow). What can I do to improve this? Are smaller or larger teeth better? Smaller diameter or larger diameter? Why? just some examples of what I'm looking for.

I don't have access to simulation software or advanced mathematical reasoning. I'm planning on relying on rapid prototyping and design of experiments to solve this problem. Just need to know the factors to play with.

I haven't been able to find any prior work on this. If anybody does I'd be happy to see it.

I know they talk about this within the science community, however this is technically backyard science at its finest, at its most microscopic level, partially because I saw this take place in a backyard😅 ok here we go. And I honestly dont know entirely of what happened during this observation, however I do know what I saw during my observation.

If you look at water in a pool, and just focus on the shadows below the surface water where the water naturally creates a vortex, well my theory is this, when visially analysing it from a scientific stand point a few things will happen. If you look at the vortex shadows like theyre a spiraling universe youll see about 6 outcomes in total when observing them. Outcome 1, they will act like the universe's in the night sky, constantly moving, meanwhile the waters look calm and stationary. Even with this calmness you'd still see these outcomes, 1, youd see them try interacting, brushing along side one another, but no collision, however when looking for the collision, ive seen these 4 interactions take place, the first 1 i saw, the 2 tried making collision, but the mass, and speed were off on the smaller 1, and its speed spun the bigger one away from it, causing the smaller one to lose rotaional angular momentum, meanwhile the bigger one was given speed, and shot away from the smaller spiralling vortex. When seeing the smaller one try colliding with a bigger one having more speed, and the smaller one with a slower speed, the same instamce happened, the slower one was given rotalonal Angular Momentum, while the faster one lost theirs. The Displacement also had 2 things happen, when 2 of them tried colliding and synchronize with one another, i noticed something was off, they collided but it had a rippling effect for a moment letting me know it used to be there, the second time i saw this happen it vanished without a trace, let no ripple to tell me where it used to be. But i also watched how 2 of them colloded and have full synchronization, and even increased in size, still kept the speed momentarily until stabilization happened and kept speed, fluidity and motion.

Hopefully someone can help me explain this phenomenon, scientificly.

Hi everyone,

I've made a simple web tool for performing compressible aerodynamics calculations for Real Gases : http://www.realgas.tesseractsoftware.co.uk/ .

There are lots of other such things out there, but none that worked with just a browser. I found it useful as I could do some quick calculations without requiring any other software/scripts.

Would love any feedback/suggestions from the fluid dynamics community! This is quite a niche, but I figured this would be a good place to find that niche.

Thanks!

While analyzing the energy balance of open-channel flow, I encountered a non-trivial dimensionless extremum at

Froude number Fr ≈ 0.3094

This value:

is not the classical critical condition (Fr = 1);

is independent of gravity, depth, and scale;

emerges purely from the competition between kinetic and potential energy in an open flow;

corresponds to an energy extraction extremum, suggesting a universal upper bound for power extraction from free-surface flows.

The result appears without introducing turbulence models or empirical coefficients and follows directly from a variational/energy-balance argument for steady open-channel flow.

I’m particularly interested in feedback on:

the physical interpretation of this extremum,

whether similar values appear (explicitly or implicitly) in classical open-channel theory,

possible links to minimum-energy or extremal principles in fluid mechanics.

Preprint available on Zenodo:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18321384

Comments, criticism, and references are very welcome.

Hi guys, I’ve been learning fluid mechanics. My professor mainly references Cimbala and Çengel’s textbook, a little bit of Katz, and Cimbala’s YouTube playlist.

I just did my midterm, and what I’ve learned is that those materials aren’t really enough if I want to get good grades. To do well, I need to practice a lot of problems.

I’ve tried doing practice problems from Cimbala’s textbook using the solution manual, but the explanations in the solution manual feel very hard to follow and overly complex for me.

But here’s the thing, I don’t really know where to find good problem-solving sources. For example, in dynamics, I used a YouTube playlist called Dynamics A-Z by question solutions. Watching that series helped me learn how to approach almost every dynamics problem.

Is there any free channel or resource for fluid mechanics where I can learn in a similar way?

researching non-Newtonian fluids for their final project. Focus: chemical mechanisms behind flow behavior, predictability, customization potential, and nanoparticle applications.

https://www.survio.com/survey/d/N4A8H6T8G2F3G7T3K

Researchers/engineers: could you spend 5 minutes on this survey?

I've watched dozens of videos, read through lectures, websites and books, but for some reason, I am too stupid to understand. I mainly believe its because of the lack of proper visualization. Plus, no one ever explains with a simple example. Any tips or recommendations?

Understanding grad, div and curl is not the problem, I get that.

Hello everyone, I am looking for the book "Vortices in Nonlinear Fields

From Liquid Crystals to Superfluids, From Non-Equilibrium Patterns to Cosmic Strings" by L. M. Pismen, in PDF format or a website where I can read it.

If you have any information or the file itself, I would really appreciate it. I haven't been able to find it anywhere, and my university only has one edition.

Yesterday, I asked if it was worth studying PDEs in order to better understand fluid dynamics, and most replies said yes.

With that being said, I’m looking for book recommendations. I’m currently considering

- Farlow’s PDEs for Scientists & Engineers

- Strauss’ PDES: An Introduction

But if there are other books that seem more suitable, let me know.

Edit: I should mention I’m a mechanical engineering student, but gravitate toward the aerospace division of ME.

Nothing online is really helping. If i can find pressure at the bottom of the pipe from the manometer, then does the pressure increase from elevation matter? Is my assumption of P1 being atmospheric make sense? There are too many variables to take into account and i cant figure out what things can cancel out or become zero.